Threat Vector Management · Helpful tools
Cool tools we think you'll find useful
Checks we use when a link looks wrong, an email doesn't add up, a site goes dark or a client asks "are we exposed?" One strong pick per job, grouped by discipline. Each opens the provider's own site in a new tab.
Start here · AI discovery
Let AI find your business without handing it the keys
AI assistants now answer "who should I call?" questions. If they can't read your site, you aren't in the answer. Is It Agent Ready is a free scanner built and run by Cloudflare; it is not a Threat Vector Management tool, and we have no affiliation with it. You can open the door for discovery and still keep control.
Open Cloudflare's Is It Agent Ready scannerDoing it safely
- Say who gets in. Publish robots.txt and a sitemap, and name the AI bots you allow. You can allow search and answers while refusing model training; Cloudflare's Content Signals let you state that in robots.txt.
- Point agents at public pages only. llms.txt and Markdown versions of pages should list marketing and help content. Never admin panels, staging sites, client portals or internal APIs.
- Don't build doors you don't need. Leave out MCP, OAuth and agent-payment endpoints unless you actually offer an API or checkout. An empty door is still a door.
- Verify bots; don't trust their names. A bot can claim to be anyone. Use your CDN or firewall's verified-bot controls and rate limits.
- Re-scan after every site change, and watch your logs for bots ignoring your rules.
Ten that answer most questions
AI and agent discovery
AI assistants and agents now find businesses the way search engines do. These show what they can read on your site, and what they can't.
- Is It Agent Ready (Cloudflare)isitagentready.com
Cloudflare's scanner, not a Threat Vector Management tool. Scores a site 0 to 100 on how well AI agents can find, read and use it: robots.txt, sitemap, AI bot rules, Markdown versions of pages, and agent protocols such as MCP.
- llms.txt specificationllmstxt.org
The proposed standard for a plain-text map of your site written for AI models.
Watch out: Put only public pages in it. It is a signpost, not a lock.
- Known Agents (formerly Dark Visitors)knownagents.com
A maintained list of AI crawlers and agents, with what each one does and the robots.txt name to allow or block it.
- Cloudflare Radar: AI Insightsradar.cloudflare.com
Internet-wide data on AI crawler traffic and which bots respect robots.txt.
- Google Rich Results Testsearch.google.com
Checks the structured data (schema.org) that search engines and AI answers use to understand a page.
- Schema Markup Validatorvalidator.schema.org
Vendor-neutral check of schema.org markup, run by the schema.org project.
From our blog: The Approval Prompt Is Annoying on Purpose: limiting what AI agents can reach · The Insider Risk You Buy Monthly: AI agents as insider risk (talk)
URL, domain and IP reputation
Is that link, sender or IP address known to be bad? Check more than one source; each sees a different slice of the internet.
- VirusTotalvirustotal.com
Checks files, URLs, domains and IPs against roughly 70 security vendors at once.
Watch out: Uploaded files are shared with security vendors and paying subscribers. Search by hash first; never upload client or internal documents.
- URLVoidurlvoid.com
Checks a website against 30+ blocklists and shows domain age and hosting.
- IPVoidipvoid.com
IP blocklist check plus 80+ network and DNS lookups.
- Spamhaus Reputation Checkercheck.spamhaus.org
Shows whether an IP or domain is on a Spamhaus blocklist, why, and how to request removal.
Watch out: Removal from Spamhaus never costs money. Anyone asking you to pay for delisting is not Spamhaus.
- AbuseIPDBabuseipdb.com
Community reports of IPs seen attacking, scanning or spamming.
- Cisco Talos Reputation Centertalosintelligence.com
Cisco's email and web reputation for an IP or domain.
- urlscan.iourlscan.io
Loads a page in a sandboxed browser and records every request, redirect and screenshot.
Watch out: Scans are public by default. Choose Unlisted or Private for anything sensitive.
- Google Safe Browsing site statustransparencyreport.google.com
Shows whether Google currently flags a site as dangerous, which is what Chrome users will see.
- URLhaus (abuse.ch)urlhaus.abuse.ch
Tracks URLs actively serving malware.
- AlienVault OTXotx.alienvault.com
Open threat-sharing community: indicators linked to known campaigns.
- GreyNoise Visualizerviz.greynoise.io
Separates background internet scanning noise from targeted activity.
- Shodanshodan.io
Search engine for internet-connected devices. Find out what your own IP addresses expose.
Watch out: Look only at assets you own or are authorised to assess.
- Censyscensys.com
Internet-wide scan data on hosts, services and certificates.
Watch out: Look only at assets you own or are authorised to assess.
From our blog: Threat Briefs: indicators from active campaigns, defanged and sourced
Malware sandboxes and file analysis
Run a suspicious file or link somewhere that isn't your laptop and watch what it does. Detonate in two or three; malware that hides from one often shows in another.
Before you upload: Most public sandboxes publish what you submit. Treat every upload as public. Never submit client data, contracts or internal files; submit the file hash first.
- ANY.RUNany.run
Interactive sandbox: you click through the sample live and watch processes, network traffic and files change.
Watch out: Free-tier analyses are public.
- Hybrid Analysis (CrowdStrike)hybrid-analysis.com
Automated behaviour analysis powered by CrowdStrike Falcon Sandbox.
Watch out: Reports are public.
- Recorded Future Triagetria.ge
Fast sandbox for Windows, Linux, macOS and Android samples, with malware configuration extraction.
Watch out: All public submissions are visible to everyone and cannot be deleted.
- Joe Sandboxjoesandbox.com
Deep analysis with detailed reports; a basic public tier is offered.
Watch out: Basic-tier reports are public.
- CAPE Sandboxcapesandbox.com
Community instance of the open-source CAPE sandbox, strong on unpacking and config extraction.
- OPSWAT MetaDefender Cloudmetadefender.com
Multi-engine scanning plus file sanitisation (rebuilds documents without active content).
- Intezer Analyzeanalyze.intezer.com
Identifies malware families by code reuse: which known malware shares this file's code.
- UnpacMeunpac.me
Automated unpacking of packed malware so the real payload can be analysed.
- MalwareBazaar (abuse.ch)bazaar.abuse.ch
Search known malware samples by hash, tag or signature.
- ThreatFox (abuse.ch)threatfox.abuse.ch
Indicators of compromise (IPs, domains, hashes) tied to named malware.
- Filescan.io (OPSWAT)filescan.io
Fast emulation-based analysis from OPSWAT's MetaDefender Sandbox line; good at unpacking scripts and documents.
Watch out: The free Community tier publishes its reports.
- Threat.Zone (Malwation)threat.zone
Hypervisor-level sandbox for Windows 7 and Windows 10 samples; the free tier allows up to 50 submissions a day.
- PolySwarmpolyswarm.network
Many independent detection engines compete to classify a file or URL; useful as a second opinion beside VirusTotal.
Watch out: Public community submissions are open to all PolySwarm users.
- Docguarddocguard.io
Analyses Office documents and PDFs for malicious macros, links and embedded files without running them.
Watch out: Submitting means agreeing to share the sample with the security community.
- Comodo Valkyrieverdict.valkyrie.comodo.com
Combined static and behaviour analysis of files and websites, with a verdict.
Watch out: Submissions may be shared publicly.
- Manalyzermanalyzer.org
Static analysis of Windows executables (PE files): imports, packers, signatures, suspicious traits. Does not run the file.
Watch out: Recent uploads are listed publicly.
- YARAify (abuse.ch)yaraify.abuse.ch
Scans a file against thousands of public YARA rules and shows which malware families match.
- Cuckoo3 (CERT-EE)github.com
Open-source sandbox you host yourself, maintained by Estonia's national CERT. Samples never leave your network.
Watch out: Its maintainers say it is not production-ready yet. Run it on isolated hardware.
Email headers, authentication and deliverability
Read where a message really came from, and check that your own SPF, DKIM and DMARC stop others sending as you.
- Microsoft Message Header Analyzermha.azurewebsites.net
Paste raw headers; it lays out each hop, delay and authentication result. Microsoft's own tool.
Watch out: Headers name internal servers and addresses. Use trusted analyzers only.
- Google Admin Toolbox: Messageheadertoolbox.googleapps.com
Google's header analyzer: hops, delays, SPF, DKIM and DMARC verdicts.
- MXToolbox Email Header Analyzermxtoolbox.com
Header analysis with blocklist checks on each relay.
- MXToolbox SuperToolmxtoolbox.com
MX, SPF, DMARC, blocklist and DNS lookups in one box.
- Internet.nlinternet.nl
Run by the Dutch Internet Standards Platform: grades email (SPF, DKIM, DMARC, STARTTLS, DANE) and website standards.
- Mail-Testermail-tester.com
Send a real email to a test address and get a spam score with the reasons.
- dmarcian DMARC Inspectordmarcian.com
Reads your DMARC record and explains what it tells receiving servers to do.
- Learn DMARClearndmarc.com
Send a test email and watch SPF, DKIM and DMARC evaluated step by step.
- MultiRBLmultirbl.valli.org
Checks an IP or domain against 200+ email blocklists in one pass.
- CheckTLSchecktls.com
Tests whether mail to or from a domain is encrypted in transit and how well.
Website security, TLS and privacy
What your site shows the world: certificate, security headers, trackers and known malware.
- Qualys SSL Labsssllabs.com
The standard TLS/SSL grade for a public web server.
Watch out: Tick "Do not show the results on the boards" for client sites.
- MDN HTTP Observatorydeveloper.mozilla.org
Mozilla's grade for security headers, cookies and redirects, with fix guides.
Watch out: Scan history for each domain is public.
- SecurityHeaders.comsecurityheaders.com
Quick A to F grade of HTTP security headers. Now run by Snyk.
- CSP Evaluator (Google)csp-evaluator.withgoogle.com
Finds weaknesses in a Content Security Policy.
- HSTS Preload Listhstspreload.org
Check or submit a domain for browsers' built-in HTTPS-only list.
Watch out: Preloading is hard to undo. Confirm every subdomain serves HTTPS first.
- crt.shcrt.sh
Searches public certificate logs. Shows every certificate issued for your domain, including ones you didn't request.
- Sucuri SiteChecksitecheck.sucuri.net
Remote scan for known malware, defacement, spam injection and blocklisting.
- Blacklight (The Markup)themarkup.org
Shows the trackers, third-party cookies and session recorders a site loads.
- Webbkollwebbkoll.5july.net
Privacy check of what a site sends to third parties, from the Swedish non-profit Dataskydd.net's tool.
- testssl.shtestssl.sh
Open-source TLS tester you run on your own machine. Nothing leaves your network.
Is it down? Uptime and outages
Is it you, your provider, or the internet? Answer that first in any incident.
- Downdetectordowndetector.com
Real-time outage reports from users for thousands of services.
- Down for Everyone or Just Medownforeveryoneorjustme.com
One-click check of whether a site is reachable from outside your network.
- Is It Down Right Nowisitdownrightnow.com
Site status with response time and recent history.
- Check-Hostcheck-host.net
Ping, HTTP, TCP and DNS checks run from dozens of countries at once.
- Cloudflare Radarradar.cloudflare.com
Internet-wide traffic, outages and route leaks by country and network.
- Microsoft 365 statusstatus.cloud.microsoft
Microsoft's public service status for Microsoft 365.
Watch out: Tenant-level detail lives in your admin center's Service health.
- Google Workspace Status Dashboardgoogle.com
Google's status for Gmail, Drive, Meet and the rest of Workspace.
- AWS Health Dashboardhealth.aws.amazon.com
Amazon Web Services public status by region and service.
- StatusGatorstatusgator.com
Follows the status pages of the vendors you depend on in one place.
- Uptime Kumagithub.com
Open-source uptime monitor you host yourself, with alerts.
DNS, domains and network
Who owns it, where it points, and whether the record you changed has actually changed.
- DNSVizdnsviz.net
Draws the DNSSEC chain of trust for a domain and pinpoints where it breaks.
- DNSCheckerdnschecker.org
Shows a DNS record from resolvers worldwide, useful to watch a change spread.
- Google Public DNS lookupdns.google
Query any record through Google's resolver from your browser.
- ICANN Lookuplookup.icann.org
Official registration data (RDAP) for a domain: registrar, dates and status.
- Hurricane Electric BGP Toolkitbgp.he.net
Who announces an IP range, which network (ASN) owns it, and its peers.
- RIPEstatstat.ripe.net
Routing history, geolocation and registry data for any IP or network.
- SecurityTrailssecuritytrails.com
Historical DNS and subdomains for a domain.
- ViewDNS.infoviewdns.info
Reverse IP, reverse WHOIS, DNS history and 20+ other lookups.
- IPinfoipinfo.io
IP owner, location, ASN and whether it belongs to a VPN, hosting provider or proxy.
- DNS Leak Testdnsleaktest.com
Shows which DNS servers your device actually uses, to confirm a VPN or filtered DNS is working.
Breaches and identity exposure
Find out what is already out there, then shut the doors it opens.
- Have I Been Pwnedhaveibeenpwned.com
Checks whether an email address or domain appears in known data breaches.
- Pwned Passwordshaveibeenpwned.com
Checks a password against breach data without sending the password itself (k-anonymity).
- Mozilla Monitormonitor.mozilla.org
Breach alerts for your email addresses, from Mozilla.
- Google Password Checkuppasswords.google.com
Flags reused, weak and breached passwords saved in your Google account.
- Intelligence Xintelx.io
Searches leaks, paste sites and archives for an email, domain or IP.
Watch out: Search only for yourself, your organisation or with written authorisation.
- IdentityTheft.gov (FTC)identitytheft.gov
The US government's step-by-step recovery plan after identity theft.
- Credit freezes and fraud alerts (FTC)consumer.ftc.gov
How to freeze your credit at all three bureaus, and the difference between a freeze and a fraud alert.
From our blog: PIVCCERL incident response lifecycle, with breach-notification deadlines
Personal privacy and device hardening
Shrink what people can find about you, and turn off what your devices share by default.
- Operation Privacy (Mishaal Khan)operationprivacy.com
Do-it-yourself privacy program from OSINT investigator Mishaal Khan, with Conscious, Serious and Ghost levels.
- privacy.sexyprivacy.sexy
Open-source, reversible privacy and security scripts for Windows, macOS and Linux. You see every line before running it.
Watch out: Read what each script does and test on one machine first. Some tweaks turn off features people use.
- IntelTechniques (Michael Bazzell)inteltechniques.com
Privacy and OSINT books, workbooks and data-removal guides.
- Techloretechlore.tech
Plain-language privacy guides, videos and a weekly Surveillance Report from founder Henry Fisher.
- Privacy Guidesprivacyguides.org
Community-vetted recommendations for private browsers, email, messaging and more.
- EFF Surveillance Self-Defensessd.eff.org
Plain-language guides to protecting yourself from surveillance, by the Electronic Frontier Foundation.
- EFF Cover Your Trackscoveryourtracks.eff.org
Tests how unique your browser looks to trackers and whether your blocker works.
- BrowserLeaksbrowserleaks.com
Shows what your browser reveals: IP, WebRTC leaks, fonts, canvas fingerprint.
- Big Ass Data Broker Opt-Out Listgithub.com
Maintained list of people-search and data-broker sites, with how to opt out of each.
- CIS Benchmarkscisecurity.org
Consensus hardening settings for operating systems, cloud and applications.
- CISA Secure Our Worldcisa.gov
The US cyber agency's four basics for people and small businesses: strong passwords, MFA, updates, phishing.
Frameworks, standards and attack knowledge
The shared maps of how attacks work and what good looks like. Use them to check a plan against something other than your own judgment.
- MITRE D3FENDd3fend.mitre.org
The defensive counterpart to ATT&CK: a catalogue of countermeasures, each linked to the attack techniques it addresses. Version 1.6.0 at review.
- MITRE ATLASatlas.mitre.org
ATT&CK-style tactics and techniques used against AI and machine-learning systems, with real case studies.
We apply this in: The Insider Risk You Buy Monthly (talk)
- MITRE CWE Top 25cwe.mitre.org
The most dangerous software weaknesses (2025 edition), ranked from real vulnerability data.
We apply this in: TIDev
- MITRE CAPECcapec.mitre.org
Catalogue of common attack patterns, linking how attacks work to the weaknesses they exploit.
We apply this in: TIDev
- OWASP Top 10top10.owasp.org
The standard awareness list of web application risks, 2025 edition.
We apply this in: TIDev
- OWASP API Security Top 10api-security.owasp.org
The top API risks (2023 edition), led by broken object-level authorization.
We apply this in: The Fallacy of Network-Centric SaaS Security
- OWASP Top 10 for LLM Applicationsgenai.owasp.org
Risks specific to large language model apps (2025 edition): prompt injection, data leakage, excessive agency and more.
We apply this in: The Insider Risk You Buy Monthly (talk)
- OWASP Top 10 for Agentic Applicationsgenai.owasp.org
Risks when AI agents act with tools and access: goal hijack, tool misuse, identity and privilege abuse (2026 edition, released December 2025).
We apply this in: The Approval Prompt Is Annoying on Purpose · TIDev
- OWASP Mobile Top 10owasp.org
The top risks for mobile apps, 2024 edition.
- OWASP ASVSasvs.owasp.org
Application Security Verification Standard 5.0: testable security requirements for web apps, by level.
We apply this in: Secure development standard · TIDev
- OWASP Top 10 CI/CD Security Risksowasp.org
The top risks in build and deployment pipelines, from weak flow control to poisoned dependencies.
We apply this in: Secure development standard
- OWASP Cheat Sheet Seriescheatsheetseries.owasp.org
Short, practical guides for developers on specific topics: authentication, session handling, input validation and over a hundred more.
- Threat Modeling Manifestothreatmodelingmanifesto.org
The values and principles of threat modeling, written by practitioners in 2020.
We apply this in: TIDev · Secure development standard
- CSA MAESTROlabs.cloudsecurityalliance.org
Cloud Security Alliance's threat-modeling framework for agentic AI, layer by layer.
We apply this in: TIDev · The Insider Risk You Buy Monthly (talk)
- NIST Cybersecurity Framework 2.0nist.gov
The common language for a security program: Govern, Identify, Protect, Detect, Respond, Recover.
We apply this in: PIVCCERL · SaaS token security · Agent access
NIST's framework for managing AI risk, with its Generative AI Profile (NIST AI 600-1).
We apply this in: The Insider Risk You Buy Monthly (talk)
- NIST Secure Software Development Frameworkcsrc.nist.gov
SP 800-218: the practices that make software secure by design, used in US federal software requirements.
We apply this in: Secure development standard · TIDev
- CIS Critical Security Controlscisecurity.org
A prioritised set of safeguards (version 8.1), grouped so small organisations know where to start.
From our blog: Threat Modeling at Every Pull Request (TIDev) · Prove It, Then Ship It: a secure development standard you can copy
Detection engineering and forensics
Free tools from practitioners the field trusts: write detections, prove they fire, then collect and read the evidence when something gets through.
Before you upload: These tools run with administrator rights or simulate real attacks. Use them only on systems you own or are authorized to assess, test in a lab first, and check each licence: some are free for internal use but not for paid work on client networks.
- Sigma rules (SigmaHQ)github.com
The shared, vendor-neutral format for detection rules, with thousands of community rules you can convert for most SIEMs. Maintained by Florian Roth, Nasreddine Bencherchali and others; rules under the Detection Rule License 1.1.
Watch out: Test rules before turning them on; untuned rules create noise.
We apply this in: Threat Briefs
- sysmon-modular (Olaf Hartong)github.com
Modular configuration for Microsoft Sysmon logging, mapped to MITRE ATT&CK. MIT licence.
Watch out: A starting point, not a finished config. Some profiles generate heavy log volume.
- sysmon-config (SwiftOnSecurity)github.com
A widely used, well-commented baseline configuration for Sysmon. A gentler starting point than the modular version.
- Atomic Red Team (Red Canary)atomicredteam.io
Small, scripted tests of individual attack techniques, mapped to ATT&CK, to prove your detections actually fire. MIT licence.
Watch out: These run real attacker techniques. Lab or authorized test systems only; read each test before running it.
- RITA (Active Countermeasures)github.com
Finds beaconing and other command-and-control traffic in Zeek network logs. GPL-3.0, sponsored by Black Hills Information Security.
- THOR Lite (Nextron Systems)nextron-systems.com
Free community edition of the THOR compromise-assessment scanner, with about 4,000 open-source YARA rules.
Watch out: Free for internal company, government and research use only; not for use on third-party networks or in paid engagements.
- LOLBAS Projectlolbas-project.github.io
Catalogue of built-in Windows programs that attackers abuse to avoid bringing their own tools, mapped to ATT&CK. Tells defenders what to watch.
- Eric Zimmerman's Toolsericzimmerman.github.io
Standard Windows forensic parsers (registry, event logs, prefetch, timelines), supported by SANS. Signed releases.
Watch out: GUI tools need .NET 9. Verify the signature rather than assuming an antivirus alert is a false positive.
- Microsoft Sysinternalslearn.microsoft.com
Microsoft's free Windows troubleshooting tools by Mark Russinovich: Process Explorer, Autoruns, Sysmon and more.
- KAPE (Kroll)kroll.com
Collects and processes forensic evidence from a Windows system in minutes.
Watch out: Free for government, education and internal company use; Kroll no longer allows it on third-party networks or in paid engagements.
- Velociraptor (Rapid7)docs.velociraptor.app
Open-source endpoint collection and hunting across many machines at once.
Watch out: Keep it patched: version 0.77.3 fixes several security flaws. Deploy only where you are authorized to monitor.
- REMnux (Lenny Zeltser)remnux.org
A ready-made Linux system packed with free malware-analysis tools. Runs as a virtual machine or container.
Watch out: Run it in an isolated lab, never on a work laptop.
- Didier Stevens Suitegithub.com
Tools for taking apart malicious PDFs and Office documents (pdfid, pdf-parser, oledump) and more.
Watch out: Includes prebuilt binaries. Run only in an isolated analysis machine.
- The DFIR Reportthedfirreport.com
Real intrusions reconstructed step by step, from first access to ransomware, with indicators and detection ideas. Public reports are free.
From our blog: PIVCCERL incident response lifecycle · Threat Briefs: hunt packs for active campaigns
Vulnerabilities, threats and ransomware
What is being exploited right now, and what to patch first.
Flaws confirmed as exploited in the wild. If you run one of these, patch it first.
We apply this in: Threat Briefs
- FIRST EPSSfirst.org
Probability that a vulnerability will be exploited in the next 30 days. Helps rank patching.
- NIST National Vulnerability Databasenvd.nist.gov
The US catalogue of published vulnerabilities (CVEs) with severity scores.
- OSV.devosv.dev
Open-source vulnerability database covering packages in npm, PyPI, Go, Maven and more.
- GitHub Advisory Databasegithub.com
Reviewed security advisories for open-source packages.
- MITRE ATT&CKattack.mitre.org
Knowledge base of attacker tactics and techniques, used to map detections and gaps.
We apply this in: Threat Modeling at Every Pull Request (TIDev)
- CISA Cybersecurity Advisoriescisa.gov
Joint government alerts on active campaigns, with indicators and mitigations.
- No More Ransomnomoreransom.org
Law-enforcement and industry project offering decryptors for many ransomware families.
- ID Ransomwareid-ransomware.malwarehunterteam.com
Upload a ransom note or encrypted sample to identify which ransomware hit you.
Watch out: Upload a ransom note or a sample file with no sensitive content, not your real data.
- CISA #StopRansomwarecisa.gov
The US cyber agency's ransomware hub: prevention basics, joint advisories on active ransomware groups, and where to report an attack.
From our blog: Threat Briefs: what's being exploited and how to hunt for it
Analyst utilities
Decode, unpack and look back in time.
- CyberChef (GCHQ)gchq.github.io
Decode, decompress and transform data (Base64, hex, XOR and hundreds more). Runs in your browser; data stays on your machine.
- Unfurlhindsig.ht
Breaks a URL into its parts and decodes timestamps and IDs hidden inside it.
- Bellingcat Online Investigations Toolkitbellingcat.gitbook.io
Bellingcat's working directory of open-source investigation tools, each with notes on what it does and its limits.
Watch out: Bellingcat says listing is not endorsement; check each tool's own terms. Investigate only people and organizations you are authorized to.
- Wayback Machineweb.archive.org
Past versions of a web page. See what a site looked like before it changed or vanished.
- explainshellexplainshell.com
Paste a command line and see what each part does before you run it.